ABSTRACT
Background: The term dangerous universal blood donor refers to potential agglutination of the erythrocytes of non-O recipients due to plasma of an O blood group donor, which contains high titers of anti-A and/or anti-B hemagglutinins. Thus, prior titration of anti-A and anti-B hemagglutinins is recommended to prevent transfusion reactions. Objective: The aim ofthis study was to estimate the frequency of dangerous universal donors in the blood bank of Belo Horizonte (Fundac¸ão Central de Imuno-Hematologia Fundac¸ão Hemominas Minas Gerais) by determining the titers of anti-A and anti-B hemagglutinins in O blood group donors. Method: A total of 400 O blood group donors were randomly selected, from March 2014 to January 2015. The titers of anti-A and anti-B hemagglutinins (IgM and IgG classes) were obtained using the tube titration technique. Dangerous donors were those whose titers of anti-A or anti-B IgM were ≥128 and/or the titers of anti-A or anti-B IgG were ≥256. Donors were characterized according to gender, age and ethnicity. The hemagglutinins were characterized by specificity (anti-A and anti-B) and antibody class (IgG and IgM). Results: Almost one-third (30.5%) of the O blood group donors were universal dangerous. The frequency among women was higher than that of men (p-value = 0.019; odds ratio: 1.66; 95% confidence interval: 1.082.56) and among young donors (1829 years old) it was higher than for donors between 49 and 59 years old (p-value = 0.015; odds ratio: 3.05; 95% confi- dence interval: 1.227.69). There was no significant association between dangerous universal donors and ethnicity, agglutinin specificity or antibody class. Conclusion: Especially platelet concentrates obtained by apheresis (that contain a substantial volume of plasma), coming from dangerous universal donors should be transfused in isogroup recipients whenever possible in order to prevent the occurrence of transfusion reactions
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Donors , Blood Transfusion , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin M , Hemotherapy Service , Transfusion Reaction , HemagglutininsABSTRACT
A frequência de grupos sanguíneos dos sistemas ABO e Rh são variáveis entre as diversas populações do mundo. No período de 1999 a 2007, no Setor de Patologia Clínica do Colégio Técnico da UFMG foi realizada a tipagem sanguínea nos sistemas ABO e Rh em uma amostra populacional representada por 4800 pessoas por meio de coleta de amostras de sangue por punção digital e/ou coleta venosa, de indivíduos residentes em Belo Horizonte e sua região metropolitana. Os resultados revelaram uma frequência média de 38% para o grupo sanguíneo do tipo A; 12% para o grupo B, 4% para o grupo AB e 46% para o grupo O. Na determinação de fator Rh a frequência encontrada foi de 93% para o grupo Rh+ e 7% para Rh-. Dessa forma, por meio de uma amostragem significativa populacional, observou-se que o tipo sanguíneo O/Rh+ é o mais encontrado em Belo Horizonte e região metropolitana.